Learn about essential lightning protection measures for substations and transformers, including the use of lightning rods, surge arresters, and protective gaps on both high-voltage and low-voltage sides to ensure reliable electrical system performance. They can be mounted on independent poles or integrated with the metallic frameworks of outdoor electrical installations. Jonathan Woodworth, Chair IEEE WG 3. It protects equipment like transformers, insulators, and conductors against overvoltages caused by lightning strikes or switching surges.