Fiber optic cables include PVC and

Fiber optic cables include PVC or polyethylene for the outer jacket, along with glass or plastic cores, cladding, and protective coatings.

Fiber optic cables are composed of several layers, each serving a specific purpose. The core, where light signals travel, is typically made from ultra-pure silica glass or, in some cases, plastic. Surrounding the core is the cladding, usually made from glass or plastic with a lower refractive index to ensure total internal reflection, keeping light signals contained within the core . To protect the delicate fibers, a primary coating of acrylate or other polymer is applied, which shields the fiber from moisture, abrasion, and environmental hazards . Additional strength members, such as aramid yarn (Kevlar) or fiberglass, provide mechanical support and prevent damage during installation or bending . The outer jacket is the first line of defense against environmental factors and is commonly made from PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or polyethylene, offering durability, chemical resistance, and protection from physical stress . Some cables may also include gel-filled layers or other materials to enhance water resistance and flexibility. In summary, fiber optic cables combine glass or plastic cores, cladding, polymer coatings, strength members, and an outer jacket of PVC or polyethylene to ensure high-speed, reliable data transmission while maintaining durability and environmental protection .